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Sher Muhammad Khan (Urdu: شیر مُحمّد خان), (Punjabi, شیر محمد خان), better known by his pen name Ibn-e-Insha, (Urdu: اِبنِ اِنشا), (Punjabi, ابن انشا) (15 June 1927 – 11 January 1978) was a Pakistani Urdu poet, humorist, travelogue writer and newspaper columnist.
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The top four countries – China, India, the United States and Australia.Coal is a solid organic material that is used as a fuel. Coal is very important as it is a major source of energy. About 35% to 40% of the total energy is produced from coal. Four types of coal are available in the market known as Anthracite, Bituminous, Lignite, and Peat
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Julian Paul Assange is an Australian editor, publisher, and activist who founded WikiLeaks in 2006. WikiLeaks came to international attention in 2010 when it published a series of leaks provided by U.S. Army intelligence analyst Chelsea Manning.Mark Zuckerberg is co-founder and CEO of Facebook.
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Houthi Rebellion: The Houthis, a Shiite minority group from northern Yemen, accused the government of marginalization and launched an uprising.Sanaa, city, capital of Yemen.Yeman Currency Yemeni Rial
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On December 25, 1991, the Soviet hammer and sickle flag lowered for the last time over the Kremlin, thereafter replaced by the Russian tricolorParliament name of Russia - Duma and Federal Council. Capital of Russia - Moscow. Currency of Russia - Rubel.
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The first use of the word Apartheid was recorded in 1929 .Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation that existed in southwest Africa and South Africa. Apartheid was from 1948 until the early 1990s.
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On November 29, 1947 the United Nations adopted Resolution 181 (also known as the Partition Resolution) that would divide Great Britain's former Palestinian mandate into Jewish and Arab states in May 1948 when the British mandate was scheduled to end.
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World War II began in Europe on September 1, 1939, when Germany invaded Poland. Great Britain and France responded by declaring war on Germany on September 3. The war between the U.S.S.R. and Germany began on June 22, 1941.
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Cyril Ramaphosa is the 5th and current president of South Africa. He succeeded Jacob Zuma. Cyril Ramaphosa served as the Deputy President of South Africa from 2014 to 2018
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Volodymyr Zelensky was a Ukrainian actor and comedian who was elected the sixth president of Ukraine in 2019. He won a landslide victory over incumbent Petro Poroshenko in the second round of the 2019 presidential election. Zelenskyy won the election with 73.2% of the vote in the second round.
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France, Greece and Spain saw the rise of Fascism following Italy and Germany led by Mussolini and Hitler, respectively. Hence, we can say Fascism emerged in Italy.
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Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States; a drafter and signer of the Declaration of Independence; and the first postmaster general. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
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Wall Street is a street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City. It is famous for being the home of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization. The NYSE is where stocks and bonds are traded, and it is a major center for the global financial system.
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The Order of the Rising Sun' is a Japanese government honor established in 1875 by Emperor Meiji.Japan is well known as the 'land of the rising sun'.
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Japan’s national flag is called “the rising sun flag” in English.Japan is on the east of China.The words, Japan, Nippon, Nihon all mean “the origin of the sun” i.e. where sun rises and that it the reason why the country is often called the land of the rising sun.
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Trade surpluses occur when a country exports more products than it imports. A trade surplus is an economic measure of a positive balance of trade. Trade Balance = Total Value of Exports - Total Value of Imports. A trade surplus represents a net inflow of domestic currency from foreign markets.
C ) A fine for non - compliance with government regulations
D ) A benefit given to individuals or businesses by the government ✅
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A subsidy is a form of financial support extended to a particular industry or a particular product in order to keep its price low.A subsidy reduces the cost of production of the subsidised good or service for the manufacturer which ultimately results in its low price for the consumer.
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Opportunity cost represents the benefits an individual, investor or business misses out on when choosing one alternative over another. The opportunity cost of production of a commodity is the cost that the firm could have incurred under a different method of production.
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Agence Havas is the first and oldest news agency in the world. It was founded by a Persian translator Charles-Louis Havas in 1835. The new agency later changed its name to Agence France-Presse (AFP). The agency is based in Paris
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Cathay Pacific Airways Limited, or simply Cathay Pacific, is the flag carrier of Hong Kong with its head office and main hub located at Hong Kong International Airport.
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The Association of Southeast Asian Nations, or ASEAN, was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand. Currently, there are 10 permanent members of this association. Its headquarter is in Jakarta (Indonesia).
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Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) is headquartered in Tehran. It is a Eurasian economic and political intergovernmental organization, founded by leaders of Turkey, Iran and Pakistan in the year 1985. World Bank and IMF are headquartered in Washington D.C. Shanghai is the headquarters of New Development Bank also called the BRICS bank. Asian Development Bank is headquartered in Manila.
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The United Nations Charter was signed by 51 original members of the United Nations in 1945 at the San Francis conference 850 delegates from 51 nations deliberated, discussed, and finalised the charter which initially led into 4 sections. It was passed unanimously on 26th June 1945.
2.The character of James bond was created by which famous novelist Ian Fleming(1953)
3.Harry potter is the famous character of: J.K Rowlling, The first Harry Potter novel, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, was published on June 26, 1997.
4.Famous character of Dracula is Bram stoker(May 26, 1897)
5.Ahmed Khan Kharal the famous character of war of independence belong to Jhamra, Rai Ahmad Khan Kharal ( c1776 – 21 September 1857), known as the Nawab of Jhamra, was a Punjabi Muslim chieftain of the Kharal tribe who led a rebellion in the Bar region of Punjab against the British East India Company during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
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Martin Lings (24 January 1909 – 12 May 2005), also known as Abū Bakr Sirāj ad-Dīn, was an English writer, Islamic scholar, and philosopher.
✅ Refractometer is used for 👉 measuring the refractive index of a substance.
✅ Refractometer is used for measuring 👉 sugar content in a solution, especially in liquids like fruit juice, honey, or soft drinks.
This is done by measuring the refractive index, which changes based on how much sugar is dissolved.
✅ A refractometer is an optical instrument used to measure the refractive index of liquids or solids, which helps determine concentration, purity, or composition.
📌 Key Uses:
✅ Determine sugar content (e.g., in fruit juice, honey)
✅ Check salinity (e.g., in aquariums or seawater)
✅ Measure concentration of solutions (e.g., in chemical labs)
✅ Test urine specific gravity (in medical diagnostics
✅ The sugar content is often expressed in °Brix (degrees Brix), which indicates grams of sugar per 100 grams of solution.
Autophobia is a psychological condition also known as monophobia or isolophobia, where a person has an intense fear of being alone, even in a safe environment.
✅ Autophobia is the irrational fear of being alone or isolated. It can cause severe anxiety even when there is no real danger or reason to feel threatened.
📌 Key Points for Exams:
✅ Type: Anxiety disorder / phobia
✅ Symptoms: Panic, sweating, nausea, fast heartbeat, fear of death when alone
✅ Not related to: Autism (different condition)
✅ Causes: Past trauma, abandonment, anxiety disorders
B ) A viral infection affecting the respiratory system
C ) Blood related disease ✅
D ) None
Explanation:
Thalassemia is a genetic blood disorder characterized by the body’s inability to produce enough hemoglobin, which is essential for carrying oxygen in the blood. It leads to anemia, fatigue, and other health complications.
✅Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder in which the body makes an abnormal form or inadequate amount of hemoglobin, leading to anemia.
Types:
✅Alpha Thalassemia
✅Beta Thalassemia
📌 Important Points for Exams :
✅ Cause: Genetic mutation (inherited from parents)
✅ Affects: Hemoglobin production
✅ Result: Severe anemia and fatigue
✅ Inheritance: Autosomal recessive
✅ Treatment: Blood transfusions, bone marrow transplant, iron chelation
Detritivores are organisms that feed on dead and decaying organic matter, especially plant and animal remains. They help in breaking down waste and recycling nutrients in the ecosystem.
📘 Key Points:
Detritivores do not digest inside cells like decomposers (e.g., fungi or bacteria); they ingest the matter.
They are essential for soil health and nutrient cycles.
✅ A light year is the distance that light travels in one year in a vacuum.
✅ Light travels at about 300,000 kilometers per second, so:
✅ 1 light year ≈ 9.46 trillion kilometers (9.46 × 10¹² km)
✅ Or ≈ 5.88 trillion miles
✅ Light year = unit of distance
✅ Julian year = unit of time
A light-year is a unit of distance, specifically used in astronomy to measure vast distances between celestial objects. It represents the distance that light travels in one Julian year (365.25 days) in a vacuum.
Earth's atmosphere has five primary layers, listed from the surface upward: 1. ✅ Troposphere: 0–12 km (0–7 miles), where weather occurs. 2. ✅ Stratosphere: 12–50 km (7–31 miles), contains the ozone layer. 3. ✅ Mesosphere: 50–80 km (31–50 miles), where meteors burn up. 4. ✅ Thermosphere: 80–700 km (50–440 miles), includes the ionosphere. 5. ✅ Exosphere: 700–10,000 km (440–6,200 miles), merges with space. Sometimes, the ionosphere (overlapping thermosphere and exosphere) and magnetosphere (beyond exosphere) are considered additional regions due to their unique properties, but the five layers above are the standard classification.